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Co-presence of Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Papillomavirus is associated with a high frequency of p53 gene mutation in cervical cancer diagnosed in southern Nigeria

Eze, Ukpai A.
; 
Okoye, Jude
; 
Ngokere, Anthony
; 
Onyenekwe, Chinedum
; 
Uduchi, Immaculata
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Affiliation
Nnamdi Azikiwe University; Babcock University; De Montfort University
EPub Date
Publication Date
2023-12-01
Submitted Date
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Chester Medical School
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Abstract
Background: Evidence shows that the co-existence of Human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with aggressive and poorly differentiated cervical squamous cell carcinomas (CSCC) phenotype. Aim: This study aimed to determine the frequency of mutant p53 (mtp53) gene in single and co-existence of HPV and oncogenic EBV latent membrane protein 1 (E-LMP1) among women diagnosed with CSCC in Southern Nigeria. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 105 cervical cancer tissues, diagnosed between January 2016 and December 2018. The tissue sections were immunohistochemically stained for mtp53, E-LMP1, and HPV proteins and scored accordingly. Descriptive, Chi- square test and Pearson’s correlation were performed, and statistical significance was set at p≤0.05. Result: Among the stained sections, the frequency of HPV, E-LMP1, and E-LMP1/HPV detection was 8.6%, 20.0%, and 42.9%, respectively. The mtp53 detection was higher in ELMP1/HPV co-presence (86.7%) compared with HPV and ELMP1 mono-presence (55.6%, and 14.3%, respectively), and this was statistically significant (p< 0.0001). The prevalence of invasive and non-invasive cases of CSCC were 62.9% and 37.1%, respectively. E-LMP1 and HPV co-presence were significantly higher in invasive cervical cancer (48.5%) compared to non-invasive cervical cancer cases (33.3%) at p= 0.156. The E-LMP1 presence was significantly higher in poorly differentiated CSCC (50.0%) compared to the moderately and well- differentiated CSCC (25.0% and 10.5%, respectively) at p= 0.011. Conclusion: This study revealed a higher frequency of EBV/HPV co- infection in CSCC. It also shown- that a higher frequency of mtp53 in E-LMP1 and HPV co-presence, suggesting that E-LMP1 could be responsible for the high CSCC lethality in West Africa.
Citation
Eze, U. A., Okoye, J., Ngokere, A., Onyenekwe, C., & Uduchi, I. (2023). Co-presence of Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Papillomavirus is associated with a high frequency of p53 gene mutation in cervical cancer diagnosed in southern Nigeria. Bayero Journal of Medical Laboratory Science, 8(2), 27-33.
Publisher
Department of Medical Laboratory Science of Bayero University
Journal
Bayero Journal of Medical Laboratory Science
Research Unit
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10034/629005
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Type
Article
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Series/Report no.
ISSN
2545-5672
EISSN
2635-3792
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Unfunded
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https://www.ajol.info/index.php/bjmls/article/view/261419