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Physical activity guidelines and cardiovascular risk in children: a cross sectional analysis to determine whether 60 minutes is enough
Füssenich, Lotte M. Boddy, Lynne M. Green, Daniel J. Graves, Lee E. F. Foweather, Lawrence Dagger, Rebecca M. McWhannell, Nicola Henaghan, Jayne Ridgers, Nicola D. Stratton, Gareth
Füssenich, Lotte M.
Boddy, Lynne M.
Green, Daniel J.
Graves, Lee E. F.
Foweather, Lawrence
Dagger, Rebecca M.
McWhannell, Nicola
Henaghan, Jayne
Ridgers, Nicola D.
Stratton, Gareth
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EPub Date
Publication Date
2016-01-22
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Abstract
Background: Physical activity reduces cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends children engage in 60 min daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The effect of compliance with this recommendation on childhood cardiovascular risk has not been empirically tested. To evaluate whether achieving recommendations results in reduced composite-cardiovascular risk score (CCVR) in children, and to examine if vigorous PA (VPA) has independent risk-reduction effects.
Methods: PA was measured using accelerometry in 182 children (9–11 years). Subjects were grouped according to achievement of 60 min daily MVPA (active) or not (inactive). CCVR was calculated (sum of z-scores: DXA body fat %, blood pressure, VO2peak, flow mediated dilation, left ventricular diastolic function; CVR score ≥1SD indicated ‘higher risk’). The cohort was further split into quintiles for VPA and odds ratios (OR) calculated for each quintile.
Results: Active children (92 (53 boys)) undertook more MVPA (38 ± 11 min, P < 0.001), had greater VO2peak (4.5 ± 0.8 ml/kg/min P < 0.001), and lower fat % (3.9 ± 1.1 %, P < 0.001) than inactive. No difference were observed between active and inactive for CCVR or OR (P > 0.05). CCVR in the lowest VPA quintile was significantly greater than the highest quintile (3.9 ± 0.6, P < 0.05), and the OR was 4.7 times higher.
Conclusion: Achievement of current guidelines has positive effects on body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness, but not CCVR. Vigorous physical activity appears to have beneficial effects on CVD risk, independent of moderate PA, implying a more prescriptive approach may be needed for future VPA guidelines.
Citation
Füssenich, L. M., et. al. (2016). Physical activity guidelines and cardiovascular risk in children: a cross sectional analysis to determine whether 60 minutes is enough. BMC Public Health, 16, 67. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2708-7
Publisher
BioMed Central
Journal
BMC Public Health
Research Unit
DOI
10.1186/s12889-016-2708-7
PubMed ID
PubMed Central ID
Type
Article
Language
en
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ISSN
EISSN
1471-2458