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Trends in Saturated Fat, Total Fat and Coronary Heart Disease in the United Kingdom 1950-2010: Does the evidence support current dietary guidelines
Carlsson, James
Carlsson, James
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2015-09
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Abstract
Background and aims
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between saturated fat, total fat and coronary heart disease (CHD) at United Kingdom (UK), national and regional level and to establish if available data supports current dietary guidelines for the reduction of total and saturated fat intake.
Methods
Data was sought pertaining to historical trends in dietary intake, CHD mortality and associated measures within the UK. Trends were then analysed to establish if a relationship, if any existed between measures.
Results
Results show that from a peak in 1978 male CHD mortality to 2010 fell by 79% in men and 83% in women. In the same period relative saturated fat intake fell by 4.6% and total fat by 3.4%. Analyses showed at the UK population level there was a consistent significant positive association between saturated fat intake and coronary heart disease mortality in men and women between 1972 to 2010 (P<0.01). The relationship between total fat intake and CHD was less consistent as were associations at national and regional level. There was no association between saturated fat intake, total fat intake and CHD prevalence.
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Conclusion
The results of this study support current population dietary guidelines however the disparity between the percentage change between saturated and total fat intake compared to the decline in CHD mortality over time questions the impact saturated fat has on CHD. It is clear further research is needed.
Citation
Carlsson, J. (2015). Trends in saturated fat, total fat and coronary heart disease in the United Kingdom 1950-2010: Does the evidence support current dietary guidelines. (Master's thesis). University of Chester, United Kingdom.
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University of Chester
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Thesis or dissertation
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en