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Homocysteine levels and cardiovascular disease risk factors in chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypertensive and healthy Nigerian adults: A comparative retrospective study

Adeoye, Marvellous
; 
Hamdallah, Hanady
; 
Adeoye, Abiodun Moshood
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Affiliation
University of Chester; University of Essex; University College London; University of Ibadan
EPub Date
Publication Date
2025-03-12
Submitted Date
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Chester Medical School
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To investigate homocysteine (Hcy) levels in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypertension and a healthy Nigerian population, and to assess their association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. SETTING: The study was conducted using data from the Ibadan CRECKID (Cardiovascular and Renal Event in People with Chronic Kidney Disease) study in Nigeria. Participants: A total of 420 adults (aged 18+) categorised into three groups: individuals with stage 2 CKD or higher, hypertensive non-CKD individuals and normotensive individuals. OUTCOMES: The primary outcome was the difference in serum Hcy levels across the groups; secondary outcomes included the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy) and correlation with fibroblast growth factor (FGF). RESULTS: No significant difference in mean serum Hcy levels among the CKD, hypertensive and healthy groups (p=0.39) was observed. However, HHcy (≥15 µmol/L) prevalence was significantly higher in the hypertensive group (p<0.05). A strong positive correlation between Hcy levels and FGF was identified across all groups (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicates that Hcy levels may not serve as a reliable predictor of CVD outcomes across populations with varying kidney function and CVD risk profiles.
Citation
Adeoye, M., Hamdallah, H., & Adeoye, A. M. (2025). Homocysteine levels and cardiovascular disease risk factors in chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypertensive and healthy Nigerian adults: A comparative retrospective study. BMJ Open, 15(3), article-number e089644. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089644
Publisher
BMJ Publishing Group
Journal
BMJ Open
Research Unit
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10034/629294
DOI
10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089644
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PubMed Central ID
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Article
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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
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2044-6055
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Unfunded
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https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/3/e089644