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Evaluating the Use of Vitamin D Supplementation to Improve Glycaemic Outcome in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review of Evidence
Mabhala, Mzwandile A. Babanumi, Adetoyosi Olagunju, Anthony Akata, Eloho Yohannes, Asmait
Mabhala, Mzwandile A.
Babanumi, Adetoyosi
Olagunju, Anthony
Akata, Eloho
Yohannes, Asmait
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EPub Date
Publication Date
2017-09-22
Submitted Date
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Abstract
Background: The evidence indicates that vitamin D [25(OH)D] improves
glycaemic outcomes in type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients. The outcome measures
used to determine the accuracy of this hypothesis are: glycosylated hemoglobin
(HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and homeostasis model assessment-insulin
resistance (HOMA-IR). Methods: We performed a systematic
review and meta-analysis which included all previous randomised controlled
trial (RCT) studies that assessed the effects of vitamin D on glucose
metabolism. We carried out an extensive electronic database search of published
and unpublished RCTs, evaluating the association between vitamin D
and glycaemic outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. We searched
Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL Plus with Full Text,
MEDLINE, BioMed Central, Turning Research Into Practice (TRIP), Health
Technology Assessment (HTA), and Latin American and Caribbean Health
Sciences (LILIACS) between the years 2005 and 2016. The full texts of relevant
studies were retrieved and a snowballing technique was used to discover further
studies missed from the initial database search. This was done by
hand-searching for references within the retrieved articles. Results: A total of
17 studies were included in the review. The pooled effect of 15 studies that
measured HbA1c showed an insignificant effect of vitamin D on HbA1c
(Mean difference (MD) = −0.06 mmol/l; 95% CI = −0.26 to 0.14; I2 = 76%). A
pooled analysis of seven studies that measured the effect of vitamin D on blood glucose also found no significant effect of vitamin D on T2DM (MD =
−0.03 mmol/l; 95% CI = −0.69 to 0.63; I2 = 76%). Three studies that analysed
the effect of vitamin D on insulin sensitivity also observed no significant effect
(MD = −1.51 mmol/l; 95% CI = −3.61 to 0.60; I2 = 67%). Conclusion: In conclusion,
although vitamin D has been extensively studied in relation to some
glycaemic outcomes and some indications that increased plasma vitamin D
concentrations might be linked to prevention of T2DM, firm universal conclusions
about its benefits cannot be drawn. Further studies with better designed
trials and larger sample sizes are needed to draw firmer conclusions
Citation
Mabhala, A., Babanumi, A., Olagunju, A., & Yohannes, A. (2017). Evaluating the Use of Vitamin D Supplementation to Improve Glycaemic Outcome in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review of Evidence. Journal of Diabetes Mellitus, 7(4), 223-240. DOI: 10.4236/jdm.2017.74018
Publisher
Scientific Research Publishing
Journal
Journal of Diabetes Mellitus
Research Unit
DOI
10.4236/jdm.2017.74018
PubMed ID
PubMed Central ID
Type
Article
Language
en
Description
Series/Report no.
ISSN
EISSN
2160-5858