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Movement Variability in the Frontcrawl and Breaststroke Swimming Starts
Smith, Jessica
Smith, Jessica
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2016-09
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to quantify biological variability of linear and
angular kinematics in breaststroke and frontcrawl starts, when using the track start
technique. Four male and six female swimmers aged 18 – 21 years old (mass: 70.3
kg ± 3.9; height: 167.1 cm ± 9.5) with a minimum of five years’ competitive
experience performed ten breaststroke and ten frontcrawl starts. One 120 Hz
camera recorded block and flight phases for subsequent two dimensional full body
manual digitisation, using Quintic software. One 60 Hz camera captured temporal
data of each trial. One underwater 50 Hz camera captured the underwater phase
from entry in the sagittal plane. Biological coefficient of variation (BCV%) was
calculated by extracting technical error (SEM%) from the coefficient of variation
(CV%). A series of paired t-tests were used to compare BCV% of each start
parameter between strokes using SPSS version 22.0. BCV% of start parameters
and task outcome (time to 15 m were compared). There was no significant
difference in BCV% between start parameters of the breaststroke and frontcrawl
starts, despite BCV% being lower in the majority of frontcrawl parameters. Variability
in task outcome was considerably lower than linear and angular kinematic
parameters of the start, supporting the dynamic systems theory. Whilst variability
does exist in start parameters, the task constraint of the stroke swam does not
produce significant differences in biological variation of key start parameters.
Citation
Smith, J. (2016). Movement variability in the frontcrawl and breaststroke swimming starts (Master's thesis). University of Chester, United Kingdom.
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University of Chester
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Thesis or dissertation
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en